Coming out on the other side

Business leaders building resilience and growth after challenges

Doug Fulton is a VP of Marketing at Uponor, a company involved in delivering water infrastructure in municipalities, commercial construction and residences. I asked him about how his business was doing. While he may be working from home, he and his team are definitely working. Business is being impacted, but things have to get done to position Uponor for the other side.

Doug said that it is like racing under a yellow flag, a simile I have shared with many since. It makes me wonder what it will be like when we see the green flag again, or whether it will actually be lemon-lime, then chartreuse, then maybe PMS 374.

I’ve talked to lots of people who, like me, are considering the consequences of what we are experiencing. We can all act as amateur economists, and I will venture there in a moment. But something I’ve been thinking about is whether the new behaviors we’ve adapted as we’re cooped up in our homes might stay with us in a future “normal state.”

Eventually, we will overcome our current dread of cozying up to a bar and rubbing elbows with a stranger as we down an IPA or a rainbow roll. That’s because we will sorely miss being around others. But some things that we are getting used to might just stick, because we find they are better than the way we behaved in the past. Here are 7 guesses at changes that will be with us after this crisis ends:
  • 1. Retail has changed forever. We are not meandering through the aisles of grocery stores or C-stores, picking up impulse items. We go with a mission and a list. And we stick to it. Thirty percent of Americans have shopped for groceries online for the first time in the past few weeks. We are climbing down Maslow’s ladder. And we might find we like the results. This might have a profound impact on winners and losers in the green flag consumer economy.
  • 2. Teleworking is here to stay. There are some bumps in the road as people have gotten used to this. But we like how Zoom conferences work. And a tidal wave of 5G is close behind, making cell telecommunication much better. Being out the office will not be such a big deal. I suspect business travel will never be what it was before. The face-to-face of a video conference will suffice for a lot of the meetings we’ve spent a couple thousand dollars on.
  • 3. We may be witnessing the death of command and control. This could be a bit of a stretch. But remote working and videoconferencing makes decentralized decision-making really easy. And the autonomy of decentralization is hard to give up. Just consider whether your VP of sales on the other coast has always followed your direction! Even if you try to revert to form and centralize decision rights, you may just find that you are at a competitive disadvantage.
  • 4. A hiring frenzy and a bidding war for talent will break out. It’s simplistic and wrong to think that employees will just return to whence they came. Many more Boomers will bolt from the corporate scene, either for retirement or for entrepreneurial pursuits dreamed up while sheltered in place and funded by near-zero interest loans. Filling the vacuum becomes the corporate prime directive, and it will be expensive. Companies will hire high-priced leaders without ever meeting them face-to-face (as many have started right now), with a lot of missteps.
  • 5. We will worry about supply chain security. True story: I received a LinkedIn message that asked if I were interested in purchasing 3-ply medical masks, 4-ply medical masks, disposable masks, infared thermometers and swab kits. The sender is an area sales manager for a medical supply manufacturer in Hubei, China, right around the corner of COVID-19’s origin. Now, if I were a hospital administrator, I would be a little leary about PPE from Wuhan Province. Just as organizations have learned to secure their data, they will develop contingencies and redundancies for the flow of goods. Great logistics people have become much more valuable.
  • 6. Economic whack-a-mole. National Geographic has published curves of deaths by city during the 1918 Spanish Flu epidemic. In New Orleans, Denver, St Louis, Birmingham and others, a relaxation of restrictions led to a second spike in deaths. Eager to restart the economy, some places will go back to work, only to shut down quickly again. Even today, factory workers in critical industries are afraid to go to work and afraid not to go to work. Even with robust demand from consumer and industrial sectors, local healthcare concerns will mean a rebound will come in starts and stops.
  • 7. A fiscal crisis will emerge. Remember when politicians worried about the national debt? In recent years, this has been replaced by concerns about the legacy of climate change we will leave our children. Well, budget hawks will return with a vengeance, as we consider the consequences of a $2T stimulus package and others to follow, including a big infrastructure plan I foresee in 2021. The tax base will be reduced by a drop in the number of employees, marginal tax rates will rise and hard decisions will be made on government expenditures. Some new programs may emerge but only through the elimination of sacred cows.
​ Our lives have already been disrupted over hundreds of thousands of reported COVID-19 cases. We know the situation will get worse. Much worse. And we must do all that we can to buy time for equipment, treatments and vaccines to come to the rescue. It will take a long time, and during that time our habits and our circumstances will permanently change.

But we will find ourselves on the other side of this. That other side will be different, in some ways seemingly inevitable and in others unexpected. Over the next weeks and months, I will revisit this list. And I welcome your take on what our light at the end of the tunnel might look like, as you make plans for your business.

Leadership strategies for successful corporate mergers and business alignment

A Leadership Perspective on M&A Challenges

I remember the morning my CEO made the announcement to the headquarters team that we were acquiring a competitor, but that the acquired company’s management would run the combined business. “Well,” he said, “We are all about to be made redundant.” That was not very accurate. His position (and mine) as part of the leadership team would be eliminated. Not so for the rank and file.

Thus began a bizarre 10-month period of retention bonuses, integration meetings and depositions with the FTC. All’s well that ends well. In this case, the combined business is still healthy today, despite the rocky start. (Maybe this is because our CEO was not involved in the integration!) That’s not how things usually go. Over 70% of mergers and acquisitions don’t attain the intended results.

Why Most Mergers and Acquisitions Fail

There are two broad areas that lead mergers to fail: numbers and people.

The Numbers Problem in M&A

First, the numbers… Careers are seldom furthered by telling a CEO that the acquisition they’re contemplating is a bad idea. M&A people sell deals internally. They are incentivized to do deals, not for the deals to prove successful. And there is seldom a consequence to overstating the synergies. After all, how often is the deal maker asked to become an operator in the Newco? So, the numbers are often biased towards unreasonable outcomes that lead towards unsatisfactory results after the businesses are integrated.

The People Challenges in Mergers and Acquisitions

Beyond a rosy bias on the benefits of an acquisition, there are numerous issues involving how employees react to mergers. Companies focus on the deal, not on integrating the team tasked with delivering the plan. Consider the following:
It’s a coin flip whether or not an executive succeeds in a new role. How about when every executive has a new role and new connections?

If you plan on keeping (some of) the acquired team’s leadership on board, what is their motivation to remain?
Culture is a messy thing. Combining two cultures with little forethought can be a disaster.
There is usually a winner and a loser in a merger. That has a big impact on integration. The zero-sum perspective can lead to false assumptions on who fills positions in the combined enterprise.

5 Uncommon Strategies to Make Mergers Successful

Let me suggest four uncommon actions that can help acquisitions work well:

1. Make M&A Leaders Accountable for Results

Get the M&A leader to own the results of the deal they propose.Give them significant responsibility in the new entity. When I was on the leadership team of the international division of a large food company, we had an acquisition in Australia and New Zealand. The lead dealmaker ran the combined business for a two-year period.

The results after the acquisition were not stellar, until the head of sales succeeded the deal guy as President. But subsequent acquisitions had a very good track record, in part because the M&A group added a note of caution consistent with the possibility that they would be asked to run the target of their recommendation.

2. Involve HR Early in Due Diligence and Integration

Get the CHRO involved during due diligence and beyond. They can conduct a culture assessment of the two organizations, understanding how work processes, communications preferences, folklore, decision-making and valued behaviors might align or clash and determining appropriate action.

These are the parts of corporate culture that count more than whether jeans are allowed on Friday or what value statements say. The process of integrating culture requires an open look at what each organization does well, to understand what is needed for success and to involve the new leadership team of the merged entity.

They can develop a communications plan. Communications need to start early and continue frequently, saying what is known and being transparent by fessing up to what remains unknown. Very early on, contingency communications should be developed, in case the deal is leaked. This would not address the specific deal, but it would be general about the company’s M&A strategies. It’s important to get ahead of gossip that can keep people from the important work that needs to get done. And, after the deal is announced, integration milestones should be provided with regular reports issued on how you do against them.

They can project the needs of the new organization and determine who, if anybody, in-house can address those needs. They can use an objective approach to determine who will be the leaders of the merged entity. This often involves reviewing the business objectives of the acquisition and identifying the competencies required to deliver them. They can determine who needs to be retained, what that might take and, as importantly, who needs to go quickly.

They can assign an HR resource to the integration team and get their Learning & Development people involved. Having HR closely involved throughout integration keeps the process on track.

Capabilities among the broad Newco leadership cohort can be built through a series of workshops, where priorities, metrics, expectations, decision rights and values are debated, and where trust-building exercises are enacted. And with people in new roles interacting with new colleagues, Newco leaders should have access to coaches or mentors to help them succeed.

3. Consider Brand Strategy Before Closing the Deal

Consider the brand before you close the deal. If you need to change the name of the acquired business, have you built that into the price? If you are leaving the acquired brand alone, how does that impact your legacy enterprise?

I recently spoke to the owner of a marketing agency that has a niche in M&A branding. He told me that almost all of his clients come to him after the purchase is done. The acquiring company loads its balance sheet up with goodwill (the premium paid beyond the book value of assets for intangibles like brand), and it underestimates what it will take to keep the new brand on an even keel. A couple years later, the P&L takes a hit as goodwill impairment must be recognized.

4. Move Beyond a Winner vs. Loser Mindset

Get beyond a winner/loser perspective. It only perpetuates unhealthy tribalism. Think of a  merger as a marriage. Ideally, there is not a winner and a loser, just two parties that are better off together. Envision the end result of successful merger. There is only one team.


When building that team, where do the best leaders come from? Is there anybody inside the organization who can handle the scale of the combined businesses, or do you have to go outside the combined employee base to find the right leader?

5. Build or Buy Integration
Expertise

Build or buy integration expertise.Those organizations most adept at acquisitions use a playbook for integration that can be used from one deal to the next because they utilize an insight: the same issues tend to present themselves at the same time.
A good way to get beyond tribalism is to bring in a merger integration specialist as an interim leader. Have them run a core integration team that is roughly balanced between the two entities.

The integration leader is a neutral honest broker who is an expert in facilitating the merger process. This role might be even more important if you don’t do mergers often enough to have developed your own integration playbook. Maybe this resource resides in one of the merging businesses; maybe you need to invest in a consultant to play this role.

Common Misconceptions About Mergers

We think that mergers result in cost reductions, as some people are viewed as redundant. We think that the personnel answers are currently residing in one of the two organizations about to be merged. These are bad assumptions. You might find that new positions are created, and there is nobody internally to fill them. Or that the scale of some responsibilities is too great for an incumbent. If current employees don’t fit the needs of the new organization, don’t be afraid to go outside.

Conclusion: How to Improve M&A Success Rates

It is easy to get seduced by the promise of an acquisition, to concentrate on the potential for value creation and to gloss over the risk, especially the people issues that get in the way of success. But the risk is real, in your culture, in your dealmakers, and among the people who will live with the new reality. By providing the M&A team with consequences, getting HR involved in integration activities and focusing on the future organization rather than the legacy components, a merger has a much better chance of succeeding.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Most mergers and acquisitions fail due to unrealistic financial assumptions and poor integration of people, culture, and leadership teams.

Leadership plays a critical role by ensuring accountability, clear communication, and effective integration of teams and organizational culture.

Companies can improve success by involving HR early, focusing on culture alignment, communicating transparently, and using integration playbooks.

Culture impacts how teams collaborate, make decisions, and adapt to change, making it a key factor in the long-term success of a merger.

Breaking Bad News

Why Delivering Bad News Is a Critical Leadership Skill

A colleague and I were given the unpleasant job of firing a long-tenured advertising agency. The decision had nothing to do with performance; the agency was just the victim of a consolidation of vendors on our part. Our meeting with one of its partners was set for Monday morning.

Coincidentally, the firm’s other partner invited my colleague (let’s call him John) and me to a dinner at his house over the intervening weekend. Saturday night came, and John and his wife were a late scratch.My wife and I had a wonderful dinner at the agency principal’s house that Saturday (he and his wife happened to be among our best friends.) Monday came, and my friend’s partner joined John and me in John’s office. John looked at me and didn’t say a word.

The task of giving the bad news fell entirely on me! I stumbled through, and the agency principal was more gracious than I expected or deserved. That night, my agency friend and I drank a couple scotches together. I reiterated what I said to his partner that this did not reflect their good work. He reiterated that this would not impact our friendship.

And John? He went on to lead marketing organizations and business units. By all accounts he has had a successful career. But I noticed he was vocal in earnings calls when there was good news to report, silent when news wasn’t so good. I wonder if this inability to deliver bad news got in the way of John even going farther in his career.

The SPIKES Protocol for Delivering Bad News

Leaders have to learn how to give bad news. Being absent is not an option. Yet, I don’t remember being taught this particular skill at Wharton. My education on the subject was primarily through trial and error. And the errors can be painful for all parties.
There are professionals who leave school well versed in delivering bad news. Maybe that’s because bad news from an oncologist is often more devastating than bad news from a marketing Vice President. Baile, Buckman, et. al. (2000) provided the definitive “how to” in The Oncologist journal. The particular process they provided the medical profession is called the SPIKES protocol.

Understanding the SPIKES Framework

S: Setting Up the Interview

Find the right time. Arrange for privacy. Include significant others of the patient. Sit down. Make connections. Manage time and interruptions.

P: Assessing the Patient’s Perception

Ask before telling, such as, “What do you understand about why we conducted these tests?”

I: Obtaining the Patient’s Invitation

Ask whether the patient wants all the details, or just the bottom line.

K: Giving Knowledge and Information

Start by saying you have bad news to share. Use non-technical language. Temper how blunt you are.

E: Addressing Emotions with Empathy

Check for the patient’s emotional response. Identify the emotion. Consider the reason. Give time for expression. Show understanding.

S: Strategy and Summary

Discuss next steps. Share options. Ensure understanding of outcomes and plans.

Applying SPIKES in Business Leadership

I think the SPIKES protocol should be applied by business leaders in thinking through how to deliver their own bad news. Let’s consider two different audiences that might receive news:

  • Subordinates (direct or indirect reports)
  • Bosses (boards, analysts, shareholders)

Sharing Bad News with Employees

Perhaps you can hide behind your HR resources, and have them give news of terminations at an individual or group level to your team. Maybe you’ll just let news leak out that a decision has been taken by the Exec Team that is contrary to the position you took to support your people. Maybe employees can read in Fast Company about the fine paid out by your company that will mean no bonuses this year. And maybe you will lose the respect of your team by not being authentic with them.
The SPIKES protocol for delivering bad news to your employees is very similar to what doctors have to do:

S: Set Up Communication

Set up a meeting with urgency. People have the right to know as soon as possible. Coordinate messaging and involve key stakeholders.

P: Assess Awareness

Ask if people are aware of an issue. Encourage participation and recall of prior communication.

I: Invitation (Often Skipped)

While respect is important, the message must still be delivered clearly.

K: Share Knowledge

Explain decisions clearly. Provide reasoning. Communicate in a way that fits your audience. Be direct and ensure finality.

E: Address Emotions

Be honest about your reaction. Avoid saying “I know how you feel.” Allow people to process and express reactions.

S: Strategy and Next Steps

Provide clarity on what happens next. Outline actions, expectations, and future direction.

Communicating Bad News to Leadership

Things don’t always go as planned in business. Sharing negative updates with CEOs, boards, or shareholders is part of leadership.

S: Set Up the Conversation

Request time appropriately. Avoid delays or poor timing.

P, I & K: Combine Understanding and Communication

State the issue clearly: “I have some bad news.”
Pause. Gauge awareness. Provide necessary details.

E: Manage Emotional Response

Stay composed. Recognize reactions. Avoid panic or trivializing the issue.

S: Strategy and Solutions

Offer solutions with recommendations. Provide options, risks, and expected outcomes. Document decisions and follow up.

If the situation is your fault, own it, apologize briefly, and outline corrective steps.

Leadership Lessons in Delivering Difficult News

If solutions are being shared with parties not in an executive role, providing options may not be appropriate. You don’t want your board of directors to decide on a tactical course of action. Simply share the chosen course of action, keeping other options in your back pocket, along with the rationale of why they are not the preferred solutions.

Conclusion: Mastering the Art of Delivering Bad News

Neither my colleague, John, nor I ever went to medical school. But we both should have learned the very important skill of delivering bad news. Adopting the SPIKES protocol to the business world ensures that difficult messages are received in a timely manner, that information is concisely communicated, that emotional reactions are recognized and acknowledged, and that steps are taken to put things back on the right track.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Breaking bad news is challenging because it affects emotions, trust, and morale, requiring both clarity and empathy in communication.

Common mistakes include lack of empathy, poor timing, unclear messaging, and avoiding direct communication with stakeholders.

Empathy helps reduce stress and builds trust, making it easier for people to accept and respond to difficult information.

Workplace collaboration led by socially aware leader

Understanding Social Awareness in Leadership

I once presented my business’s innovation pipeline to a company president at an R&D facility. As he commented on what he had seen, the president started combing his hair. While continuing his monologue, he looked down at his comb and began picking something off of it. The cleaning of his comb went on for about 15 seconds, an interminable length that left everybody else in the room disgusted and unable to focus on the feedback he gave us.

You might say that shows a lack of self-awareness. And a lot has been written about the connection between self-awareness, emotional intelligence and leadership. Daniel Goleman, in Emotional Intelligence, defines self-awareness as “knowing one’s internal states, preference, resources and intuitions.” Something else was going on at the R&D center, something that is another part of emotional intelligence and maybe more related to successful leadership. It’s really “social awareness.” Think of it as empathy, or at least the ability to understand both the needs of others and how others view you.

Organizations are social inventions. As important as self-awareness might be, you might know thyself and still fail unless the social element is mastered. I offer ten ways social awareness can play itself out when leaders find themselves in new roles. What’s important is consideration of how you look in the eyes of your stakeholders, while remaining true to yourself.

1. Coachability

The single largest reason hiring managers give for somebody not working out is that they were not coachable, i.e., they did not listen to criticism or advice and adjust their actions accordingly. Leaders can demonstrate that they are coachable by explaining how the actions they take reflect the information they have received. Even if you are acting contrary to advice received, acknowledging the advice and explaining how it played into your thinking helps.

2. Cultural Fit

We generally don’t have a good language to talk about culture. It is often something more that you feel than you can describe. If you are joining a new company, or even if you are moving from one business unit to another, you will become aware of elements of culture.

Even when there is a language for culture, it is often just plain wrong. Companies often have lofty lists of values, like Integrity, Results Orientation and Teamwork. What is actually valued, what behaviors are rewarded, might be making deep cuts during restructuring or only taking action with very little risk. Demonstrating published cultural traits will keep you out of trouble. Squaring your own authenticity with the real climate you face is critical to success.

3. Communication

Consider how frequently you communicate with your team and with others in the organization. It’s hard to do it too often. Consider how you communicate. Do you send emails, because that’s easiest? How about what is easiest or most effective to receive instead of what’s easiest to transmit? Maybe it’s a video of you in casual dress. Maybe it’s a voice mail blast on Friday afternoons. Maybe it is a series of town hall meetings or just walking around with minimal agenda. Don’t feel the need to tell people stuff all the time; ask questions. Let them tell you stuff instead!

4. Competence

Competence is the ability to do something successfully. Somebody was impressed enough with your skills to put you in the position you hold. How can you share those skills to make the organization more effective? If you are new to a culture, you may not understand what laws of physics apply in this environment.

Learn how the organization solves a problem and consider if your own way might be an improvement. Rushing out and executing as you have succeeded before is great for an individual contributor, not for a leader. To come full circle, it’s unlikely you are capable of doing any significant task successfully in a new organization, unless you do it through other people, people who have their own way of doing things.

5. Confidence

There is uncertainty in any new role. Still, you were selected to fill the spot. Somebody felt confident in your ability to deliver. You’ve impressed people. You should feel confident in your own abilities. Let’s consider how confidence applies to your team. Do they share your confidence in yourself? Do they think you have confidence in them?

Your job might be to assess the team’s ability to do the job today and in the future. Fair enough. But does it help you for all of the people you count on to feel as if they are on a development plan? Taking a “hands on” approach can be important for you to learn the business. Taking authority away from people for an extended period of time will lead to reduced employee engagement and retention.

6. Credibility

You need to deliver what you say you will. The University of Minnesota once hired a head football coach named Tim Brewster. Before his first year, he said there was no need to rebuild; his team was ready to compete for the Rose Bowl right now. That initial season, Minnesota’s record was 1-11. While he lasted 3 ½ years as coach, Brewster was a dead man walking after that first year. The moral: be careful what you promise.

Don’t accept what you are being asked to deliver. This is your only chance to get a re-set. Call out the bullshit. Level-set goals. In doing so, you earn the respect of those who hired you and the support of those you will count on to meet your goals.

7. Commitment

You may feel “all in” Day 1, but people in the organization who have been through tough times and stuck around, who can share inside jokes with each other, who have their shares vested, are not yet convinced. You can’t change that immediately, but you can convince people of your commitment over time. Create alignment by saying “we,” not “I.” Put in the hours in the early days. Be visible. Find opportunities to get together with people outside of work. Get involved in activities in the community that represent the business.

8. Collaboration

People across the organization are looking for evidence of how well you work and play with others. When you start a new role, you have ignorance and naivety as powerful assets. You are allowed to ask questions that will seem stupid later on. You can assume positive intent before it is demonstrated. And the quickest way to get colleagues to willingly support you is to provide them with something of value. This might be your expertise, your consideration of an option that your predecessor rejected or your investment in others accomplishing their goals.

9. Confidentiality

Trust comes with the certainty that you won’t take advantage of my vulnerability. The people who work for you are at a power disadvantage to you, just based on the status of your positions. If I share something with you that can put me in an unfavorable light, or if I blow the whistle on a wrong that has been committed, I am taking a big risk. Respect the courage this action takes. Establish rules on what information can be safeguarded and what must be shared.

10. Common Touch

You might think you have a common touch, but the real common folk are nervous just thinking about climbing Mt Olympus to your office. People don’t want to hear you trumpet about your skills or your accomplishments in other environments.

They want to be acknowledged as people who matter. They want to be valued for their achievements. They want to understand the “What’s in it for Me” of your agenda. Trade arrogance for humility. Keep your vision simple and your priorities few. Deliver your message directly and in person, if you can. Answer people’s questions with authenticity.

Conclusion: Why Social Awareness Matters in Leadership

Ten aspects of social awareness are more than enough for anybody to remember. It’s easier to remember this: Being concerned with how you look is not always vanity. When it comes to how you look to the people you work with, it’s sanity!

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

It refers to how leaders are perceived by others and how their behavior, communication, and actions impact their effectiveness.

Social awareness helps leaders understand team needs, build trust, and adapt their approach to improve collaboration and performance.

Key traits include communication, coachability, credibility, confidence, collaboration, and understanding organizational culture.

Leaders can develop it by listening actively, seeking feedback, engaging with teams, and observing how their actions affect others.

    Need Any Help?